android-project/app/src/main/java/org/libsdl/app/SDLActivity.java

package org.libsdl.app;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.Math;

import android.app.*;
import android.content.*;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.text.InputType;
import android.view.*;
import android.view.inputmethod.BaseInputConnection;
import android.view.inputmethod.EditorInfo;
import android.view.inputmethod.InputConnection;
import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;
import android.widget.RelativeLayout;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.os.*;
import android.util.DisplayMetrics;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.SparseArray;
import android.graphics.*;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.hardware.*;
import android.content.pm.ActivityInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;

/**
    SDL Activity
*/
public class SDLActivity extends Activity implements View.OnSystemUiVisibilityChangeListener {
    private static final String TAG = "SDL";

    public static boolean mIsResumedCalled, mHasFocus;

    // Cursor types
    private static final int SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_NONE = -1;
    private static final int SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_ARROW = 0;
    private static final int SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_IBEAM = 1;
    private static final int SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_WAIT = 2;
    private static final int SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_CROSSHAIR = 3;
    private static final int SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_WAITARROW = 4;
    private static final int SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_SIZENWSE = 5;
    private static final int SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_SIZENESW = 6;
    private static final int SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_SIZEWE = 7;
    private static final int SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_SIZENS = 8;
    private static final int SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_SIZEALL = 9;
    private static final int SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_NO = 10;
    private static final int SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_HAND = 11;

    protected static final int SDL_ORIENTATION_UNKNOWN = 0;
    protected static final int SDL_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE = 1;
    protected static final int SDL_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE_FLIPPED = 2;
    protected static final int SDL_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT = 3;
    protected static final int SDL_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT_FLIPPED = 4;

    protected static int mCurrentOrientation;

    // Handle the state of the native layer
    public enum NativeState {
           INIT, RESUMED, PAUSED
    }

    public static NativeState mNextNativeState;
    public static NativeState mCurrentNativeState;

    /** If shared libraries (e.g. SDL or the native application) could not be loaded. */
    public static boolean mBrokenLibraries;

    // If we want to separate mouse and touch events.
    //  This is only toggled in native code when a hint is set!
    public static boolean mSeparateMouseAndTouch;

    // Main components
    protected static SDLActivity mSingleton;
    protected static SDLSurface mSurface;
    protected static View mTextEdit;
    protected static boolean mScreenKeyboardShown;
    protected static ViewGroup mLayout;
    protected static SDLClipboardHandler mClipboardHandler;
    protected static Hashtable<Integer, PointerIcon> mCursors;
    protected static int mLastCursorID;
    protected static SDLGenericMotionListener_API12 mMotionListener;
    protected static HIDDeviceManager mHIDDeviceManager;

    // This is what SDL runs in. It invokes SDL_main(), eventually
    protected static Thread mSDLThread;

    protected static SDLGenericMotionListener_API12 getMotionListener() {
        if (mMotionListener == null) {
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {
                mMotionListener = new SDLGenericMotionListener_API26();
            } else
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
                mMotionListener = new SDLGenericMotionListener_API24();
            } else {
                mMotionListener = new SDLGenericMotionListener_API12();
            }
        }

        return mMotionListener;
    }

    /**
     * This method returns the name of the shared object with the application entry point
     * It can be overridden by derived classes.
     */
    protected String getMainSharedObject() {
        String library;
        String[] libraries = SDLActivity.mSingleton.getLibraries();
        if (libraries.length > 0) {
            library = "lib" + libraries[libraries.length - 1] + ".so";
        } else {
            library = "libmain.so";
        }
        return getContext().getApplicationInfo().nativeLibraryDir + "/" + library;
    }

    /**
     * This method returns the name of the application entry point
     * It can be overridden by derived classes.
     */
    protected String getMainFunction() {
        return "SDL_main";
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL before loading the native shared libraries.
     * It can be overridden to provide names of shared libraries to be loaded.
     * The default implementation returns the defaults. It never returns null.
     * An array returned by a new implementation must at least contain "SDL2".
     * Also keep in mind that the order the libraries are loaded may matter.
     * @return names of shared libraries to be loaded (e.g. "SDL2", "main").
     */
    protected String[] getLibraries() {
        return new String[] {
            "SDL2",
            // "SDL2_image",
            // "SDL2_mixer",
            // "SDL2_net",
            // "SDL2_ttf",
            "main"
        };
    }

    // Load the .so
    public void loadLibraries() {
       for (String lib : getLibraries()) {
          SDL.loadLibrary(lib);
       }
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL before starting the native application thread.
     * It can be overridden to provide the arguments after the application name.
     * The default implementation returns an empty array. It never returns null.
     * @return arguments for the native application.
     */
    protected String[] getArguments() {
        return new String[0];
    }

    public static void initialize() {
        // The static nature of the singleton and Android quirkyness force us to initialize everything here
        // Otherwise, when exiting the app and returning to it, these variables *keep* their pre exit values
        mSingleton = null;
        mSurface = null;
        mTextEdit = null;
        mLayout = null;
        mClipboardHandler = null;
        mCursors = new Hashtable<Integer, PointerIcon>();
        mLastCursorID = 0;
        mSDLThread = null;
        mBrokenLibraries = false;
        mIsResumedCalled = false;
        mHasFocus = true;
        mNextNativeState = NativeState.INIT;
        mCurrentNativeState = NativeState.INIT;
    }

    // Setup
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        Log.v(TAG, "Device: " + Build.DEVICE);
        Log.v(TAG, "Model: " + Build.MODEL);
        Log.v(TAG, "onCreate()");
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        try {
            Thread.currentThread().setName("SDLActivity");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.v(TAG, "modify thread properties failed " + e.toString());
        }

        // Load shared libraries
        String errorMsgBrokenLib = "";
        try {
            loadLibraries();
        } catch(UnsatisfiedLinkError e) {
            System.err.println(e.getMessage());
            mBrokenLibraries = true;
            errorMsgBrokenLib = e.getMessage();
        } catch(Exception e) {
            System.err.println(e.getMessage());
            mBrokenLibraries = true;
            errorMsgBrokenLib = e.getMessage();
        }

        if (mBrokenLibraries)
        {
            mSingleton = this;
            AlertDialog.Builder dlgAlert  = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
            dlgAlert.setMessage("An error occurred while trying to start the application. Please try again and/or reinstall."
                  + System.getProperty("line.separator")
                  + System.getProperty("line.separator")
                  + "Error: " + errorMsgBrokenLib);
            dlgAlert.setTitle("SDL Error");
            dlgAlert.setPositiveButton("Exit",
                new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,int id) {
                        // if this button is clicked, close current activity
                        SDLActivity.mSingleton.finish();
                    }
                });
           dlgAlert.setCancelable(false);
           dlgAlert.create().show();

           return;
        }

        // Set up JNI
        SDL.setupJNI();

        // Initialize state
        SDL.initialize();

        // So we can call stuff from static callbacks
        mSingleton = this;
        SDL.setContext(this);

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11) {
            mClipboardHandler = new SDLClipboardHandler_API11();
        } else {
            /* Before API 11, no clipboard notification (eg no SDL_CLIPBOARDUPDATE) */
            mClipboardHandler = new SDLClipboardHandler_Old();
        }

        mHIDDeviceManager = HIDDeviceManager.acquire(this);

        // Set up the surface
        mSurface = new SDLSurface(getApplication());

        mLayout = new RelativeLayout(this);
        mLayout.addView(mSurface);

        // Get our current screen orientation and pass it down.
        mCurrentOrientation = SDLActivity.getCurrentOrientation();
        // FIXME: with only one activity, SDL Thread is not yet started and this onNativeOrientationChanged() is ignored
        SDLActivity.onNativeOrientationChanged(mCurrentOrientation);

        setContentView(mLayout);

        setWindowStyle(false);

        getWindow().getDecorView().setOnSystemUiVisibilityChangeListener(this);

        // Get filename from "Open with" of another application
        Intent intent = getIntent();
        if (intent != null && intent.getData() != null) {
            String filename = intent.getData().getPath();
            if (filename != null) {
                Log.v(TAG, "Got filename: " + filename);
                SDLActivity.onNativeDropFile(filename);
            }
        }
    }

    // Events
    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        Log.v(TAG, "onPause()");
        super.onPause();
        mNextNativeState = NativeState.PAUSED;
        mIsResumedCalled = false;

        if (SDLActivity.mBrokenLibraries) {
           return;
        }

        if (mHIDDeviceManager != null) {
            mHIDDeviceManager.setFrozen(true);
        }

        SDLActivity.handleNativeState();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        Log.v(TAG, "onResume()");
        super.onResume();
        mNextNativeState = NativeState.RESUMED;
        mIsResumedCalled = true;

        if (SDLActivity.mBrokenLibraries) {
           return;
        }

        if (mHIDDeviceManager != null) {
            mHIDDeviceManager.setFrozen(false);
        }

        SDLActivity.handleNativeState();
    }

    public static int getCurrentOrientation() {
        final Context context = SDLActivity.getContext();
        final Display display = ((WindowManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE)).getDefaultDisplay();

        int result = SDL_ORIENTATION_UNKNOWN;

        switch (display.getRotation()) {
            case Surface.ROTATION_0:
                result = SDL_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT;
                break;

            case Surface.ROTATION_90:
                result = SDL_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE;
                break;

            case Surface.ROTATION_180:
                result = SDL_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT_FLIPPED;
                break;

            case Surface.ROTATION_270:
                result = SDL_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE_FLIPPED;
                break;
        }

        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public void onWindowFocusChanged(boolean hasFocus) {
        super.onWindowFocusChanged(hasFocus);
        Log.v(TAG, "onWindowFocusChanged(): " + hasFocus);

        if (SDLActivity.mBrokenLibraries) {
           return;
        }

        SDLActivity.mHasFocus = hasFocus;
        if (hasFocus) {
           mNextNativeState = NativeState.RESUMED;
           SDLActivity.getMotionListener().reclaimRelativeMouseModeIfNeeded();
        } else {
           mNextNativeState = NativeState.PAUSED;
        }

        SDLActivity.handleNativeState();
    }

    @Override
    public void onLowMemory() {
        Log.v(TAG, "onLowMemory()");
        super.onLowMemory();

        if (SDLActivity.mBrokenLibraries) {
           return;
        }

        SDLActivity.nativeLowMemory();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        Log.v(TAG, "onDestroy()");

        if (mHIDDeviceManager != null) {
            HIDDeviceManager.release(mHIDDeviceManager);
            mHIDDeviceManager = null;
        }

        if (SDLActivity.mBrokenLibraries) {
           super.onDestroy();
           return;
        }

        if (SDLActivity.mSDLThread != null) {

            // Send Quit event to "SDLThread" thread
            SDLActivity.nativeSendQuit();

            // Wait for "SDLThread" thread to end
            try {
                SDLActivity.mSDLThread.join();
            } catch(Exception e) {
                Log.v(TAG, "Problem stopping SDLThread: " + e);
            }
        }

        SDLActivity.nativeQuit();

        super.onDestroy();
    }

    @Override
    public void onBackPressed() {
        // Check if we want to block the back button in case of mouse right click.
        //
        // If we do, the normal hardware back button will no longer work and people have to use home,
        // but the mouse right click will work.
        //
        String trapBack = SDLActivity.nativeGetHint("SDL_ANDROID_TRAP_BACK_BUTTON");
        if ((trapBack != null) && trapBack.equals("1")) {
            // Exit and let the mouse handler handle this button (if appropriate)
            return;
        }

        // Default system back button behavior.
        super.onBackPressed();
    }

    // Called by JNI from SDL.
    public static void manualBackButton() {
        mSingleton.pressBackButton();
    }

    // Used to get us onto the activity's main thread
    public void pressBackButton() {
        runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                SDLActivity.this.superOnBackPressed();
            }
        });
    }

    // Used to access the system back behavior.
    public void superOnBackPressed() {
        super.onBackPressed();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean dispatchKeyEvent(KeyEvent event) {

        if (SDLActivity.mBrokenLibraries) {
           return false;
        }

        int keyCode = event.getKeyCode();
        // Ignore certain special keys so they're handled by Android
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_VOLUME_DOWN ||
            keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_VOLUME_UP ||
            keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_CAMERA ||
            keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_ZOOM_IN || /* API 11 */
            keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_ZOOM_OUT /* API 11 */
            ) {
            return false;
        }
        return super.dispatchKeyEvent(event);
    }

    /* Transition to next state */
    public static void handleNativeState() {

        if (mNextNativeState == mCurrentNativeState) {
            // Already in same state, discard.
            return;
        }

        // Try a transition to init state
        if (mNextNativeState == NativeState.INIT) {

            mCurrentNativeState = mNextNativeState;
            return;
        }

        // Try a transition to paused state
        if (mNextNativeState == NativeState.PAUSED) {
            if (mSDLThread != null) {
                nativePause();
            }
            if (mSurface != null) {
                mSurface.handlePause();
            }
            mCurrentNativeState = mNextNativeState;
            return;
        }

        // Try a transition to resumed state
        if (mNextNativeState == NativeState.RESUMED) {
            if (mSurface.mIsSurfaceReady && mHasFocus && mIsResumedCalled) {
                if (mSDLThread == null) {
                    // This is the entry point to the C app.
                    // Start up the C app thread and enable sensor input for the first time
                    // FIXME: Why aren't we enabling sensor input at start?

                    mSDLThread = new Thread(new SDLMain(), "SDLThread");
                    mSurface.enableSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER, true);
                    mSDLThread.start();
                }

                nativeResume();
                mSurface.handleResume();
                mCurrentNativeState = mNextNativeState;
            }
        }
    }

    // Messages from the SDLMain thread
    static final int COMMAND_CHANGE_TITLE = 1;
    static final int COMMAND_CHANGE_WINDOW_STYLE = 2;
    static final int COMMAND_TEXTEDIT_HIDE = 3;
    static final int COMMAND_CHANGE_SURFACEVIEW_FORMAT = 4;
    static final int COMMAND_SET_KEEP_SCREEN_ON = 5;

    protected static final int COMMAND_USER = 0x8000;

    protected static boolean mFullscreenModeActive;

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL if SDL did not handle a message itself.
     * This happens if a received message contains an unsupported command.
     * Method can be overwritten to handle Messages in a different class.
     * @param command the command of the message.
     * @param param the parameter of the message. May be null.
     * @return if the message was handled in overridden method.
     */
    protected boolean onUnhandledMessage(int command, Object param) {
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * A Handler class for Messages from native SDL applications.
     * It uses current Activities as target (e.g. for the title).
     * static to prevent implicit references to enclosing object.
     */
    protected static class SDLCommandHandler extends Handler {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            Context context = SDL.getContext();
            if (context == null) {
                Log.e(TAG, "error handling message, getContext() returned null");
                return;
            }
            switch (msg.arg1) {
            case COMMAND_CHANGE_TITLE:
                if (context instanceof Activity) {
                    ((Activity) context).setTitle((String)msg.obj);
                } else {
                    Log.e(TAG, "error handling message, getContext() returned no Activity");
                }
                break;
            case COMMAND_CHANGE_WINDOW_STYLE:
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 19) {
                    // This version of Android doesn't support the immersive fullscreen mode
                    break;
                }
                if (context instanceof Activity) {
                    Window window = ((Activity) context).getWindow();
                    if (window != null) {
                        if ((msg.obj instanceof Integer) && (((Integer) msg.obj).intValue() != 0)) {
                            int flags = View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_FULLSCREEN |
                                        View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_HIDE_NAVIGATION |
                                        View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_IMMERSIVE_STICKY |
                                        View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LAYOUT_FULLSCREEN |
                                        View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LAYOUT_HIDE_NAVIGATION |
                                        View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LAYOUT_STABLE | View.INVISIBLE;
                            window.getDecorView().setSystemUiVisibility(flags);        
                            window.addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
                            window.clearFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FORCE_NOT_FULLSCREEN);
                            SDLActivity.mFullscreenModeActive = true;
                        } else {
                            int flags = View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LAYOUT_STABLE | View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_VISIBLE;
                            window.getDecorView().setSystemUiVisibility(flags);
                            window.addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FORCE_NOT_FULLSCREEN);
                            window.clearFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
                            SDLActivity.mFullscreenModeActive = false;
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    Log.e(TAG, "error handling message, getContext() returned no Activity");
                }
                break;
            case COMMAND_TEXTEDIT_HIDE:
                if (mTextEdit != null) {
                    // Note: On some devices setting view to GONE creates a flicker in landscape.
                    // Setting the View's sizes to 0 is similar to GONE but without the flicker.
                    // The sizes will be set to useful values when the keyboard is shown again.
                    mTextEdit.setLayoutParams(new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(0, 0));

                    InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) context.getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
                    imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(mTextEdit.getWindowToken(), 0);
                    
                    mScreenKeyboardShown = false;
                }
                break;
            case COMMAND_SET_KEEP_SCREEN_ON:
            {
                if (context instanceof Activity) {
                    Window window = ((Activity) context).getWindow();
                    if (window != null) {
                        if ((msg.obj instanceof Integer) && (((Integer) msg.obj).intValue() != 0)) {
                            window.addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON);
                        } else {
                            window.clearFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON);
                        }
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
            case COMMAND_CHANGE_SURFACEVIEW_FORMAT:
            {
                int format = ((int)msg.obj);
                int pf;

                if (SDLActivity.mSurface == null) {
                    return;
                }

                SurfaceHolder holder = SDLActivity.mSurface.getHolder();
                if (holder == null) {
                    return;
                }

                if (format == 1) {
                    pf = PixelFormat.RGBA_8888;
                } else if (format == 2) {
                    pf = PixelFormat.RGBX_8888;
                } else {
                    pf = PixelFormat.RGB_565;
                }

                holder.setFormat(pf);

                break;
            }
            default:
                if ((context instanceof SDLActivity) && !((SDLActivity) context).onUnhandledMessage(msg.arg1, msg.obj)) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "error handling message, command is " + msg.arg1);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Handler for the messages
    Handler commandHandler = new SDLCommandHandler();

    // Send a message from the SDLMain thread
    boolean sendCommand(int command, Object data) {
        Message msg = commandHandler.obtainMessage();
        msg.arg1 = command;
        msg.obj = data;
        boolean result = commandHandler.sendMessage(msg);

        if ((Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 19) && (command == COMMAND_CHANGE_WINDOW_STYLE)) {
            // Ensure we don't return until the resize has actually happened,
            // or 500ms have passed.

            boolean bShouldWait = false;
            
            if (data instanceof Integer) {
                // Let's figure out if we're already laid out fullscreen or not.
                Display display = ((WindowManager)getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE)).getDefaultDisplay();
                android.util.DisplayMetrics realMetrics = new android.util.DisplayMetrics();
                display.getRealMetrics( realMetrics );
        
                boolean bFullscreenLayout = ((realMetrics.widthPixels == mSurface.getWidth()) && 
                                             (realMetrics.heightPixels == mSurface.getHeight()));

                if (((Integer)data).intValue() == 1) {
                    // If we aren't laid out fullscreen or actively in fullscreen mode already, we're going
                    // to change size and should wait for surfaceChanged() before we return, so the size
                    // is right back in native code.  If we're already laid out fullscreen, though, we're
                    // not going to change size even if we change decor modes, so we shouldn't wait for
                    // surfaceChanged() -- which may not even happen -- and should return immediately.
                    bShouldWait = !bFullscreenLayout;
                }
                else {
                    // If we're laid out fullscreen (even if the status bar and nav bar are present),
                    // or are actively in fullscreen, we're going to change size and should wait for
                    // surfaceChanged before we return, so the size is right back in native code.
                    bShouldWait = bFullscreenLayout;
                }
            }

            if (bShouldWait) {
                // We'll wait for the surfaceChanged() method, which will notify us
                // when called.  That way, we know our current size is really the
                // size we need, instead of grabbing a size that's still got
                // the navigation and/or status bars before they're hidden.
                //
                // We'll wait for up to half a second, because some devices 
                // take a surprisingly long time for the surface resize, but
                // then we'll just give up and return.
                //
                synchronized(SDLActivity.getContext()) {
                    try {
                        SDLActivity.getContext().wait(500);
                    }
                    catch (InterruptedException ie) {
                        ie.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    // C functions we call
    public static native int nativeSetupJNI();
    public static native int nativeRunMain(String library, String function, Object arguments);
    public static native void nativeLowMemory();
    public static native void nativeSendQuit();
    public static native void nativeQuit();
    public static native void nativePause();
    public static native void nativeResume();
    public static native void onNativeDropFile(String filename);
    public static native void onNativeResize(int surfaceWidth, int surfaceHeight, int deviceWidth, int deviceHeight, int format, float rate);
    public static native void onNativeKeyDown(int keycode);
    public static native void onNativeKeyUp(int keycode);
    public static native void onNativeKeyboardFocusLost();
    public static native void onNativeMouse(int button, int action, float x, float y, boolean relative);
    public static native void onNativeTouch(int touchDevId, int pointerFingerId,
                                            int action, float x,
                                            float y, float p);
    public static native void onNativeAccel(float x, float y, float z);
    public static native void onNativeClipboardChanged();
    public static native void onNativeSurfaceCreated();
    public static native void onNativeSurfaceChanged();
    public static native void onNativeSurfaceDestroyed();
    public static native String nativeGetHint(String name);
    public static native void nativeSetenv(String name, String value);
    public static native void onNativeOrientationChanged(int orientation);
    public static native void nativeAddTouch(int touchId, String name);

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static boolean setActivityTitle(String title) {
        // Called from SDLMain() thread and can't directly affect the view
        return mSingleton.sendCommand(COMMAND_CHANGE_TITLE, title);
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static void setWindowStyle(boolean fullscreen) {
        // Called from SDLMain() thread and can't directly affect the view
        mSingleton.sendCommand(COMMAND_CHANGE_WINDOW_STYLE, fullscreen ? 1 : 0);
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     * This is a static method for JNI convenience, it calls a non-static method
     * so that is can be overridden  
     */
    public static void setOrientation(int w, int h, boolean resizable, String hint)
    {
        if (mSingleton != null) {
            mSingleton.setOrientationBis(w, h, resizable, hint);
        }
    }
   
    /**
     * This can be overridden
     */
    public void setOrientationBis(int w, int h, boolean resizable, String hint) 
    {
        int orientation = -1;

        if (hint.contains("LandscapeRight") && hint.contains("LandscapeLeft")) {
            orientation = ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_SENSOR_LANDSCAPE;
        } else if (hint.contains("LandscapeRight")) {
            orientation = ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE;
        } else if (hint.contains("LandscapeLeft")) {
            orientation = ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_REVERSE_LANDSCAPE;
        } else if (hint.contains("Portrait") && hint.contains("PortraitUpsideDown")) {
            orientation = ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_SENSOR_PORTRAIT;
        } else if (hint.contains("Portrait")) {
            orientation = ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT;
        } else if (hint.contains("PortraitUpsideDown")) {
            orientation = ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_REVERSE_PORTRAIT;
        }

        /* no valid hint */
        if (orientation == -1) {
            if (resizable) {
                /* no fixed orientation */
            } else {
                if (w > h) {
                    orientation = ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_SENSOR_LANDSCAPE;
                } else {
                    orientation = ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_SENSOR_PORTRAIT;
                }
            }
        }

        Log.v("SDL", "setOrientation() orientation=" + orientation + " width=" + w +" height="+ h +" resizable=" + resizable + " hint=" + hint);
        if (orientation != -1) {
            mSingleton.setRequestedOrientation(orientation);
        }
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static boolean isScreenKeyboardShown() 
    {
        if (mTextEdit == null) {
            return false;
        }

        if (!mScreenKeyboardShown) {
            return false;
        }

        InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) SDL.getContext().getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
        return imm.isAcceptingText();

    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static boolean supportsRelativeMouse()
    {
        // ChromeOS doesn't provide relative mouse motion via the Android 7 APIs
        if (isChromebook()) {
            return false;
        }

        // DeX mode in Samsung Experience 9.0 and earlier doesn't support relative mice properly under 
        // Android 7 APIs, and simply returns no data under Android 8 APIs.
        //
        // This is fixed in Samsung Experience 9.5, which corresponds to Android 8.1.0, and
        // thus SDK version 27.  If we are in DeX mode and not API 27 or higher, as a result,
        // we should stick to relative mode.
        //
        if ((Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 27) && isDeXMode()) {
            return false;
        }

        return SDLActivity.getMotionListener().supportsRelativeMouse();
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static boolean setRelativeMouseEnabled(boolean enabled)
    {
        if (enabled && !supportsRelativeMouse()) {
            return false;
        }

        return SDLActivity.getMotionListener().setRelativeMouseEnabled(enabled);
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static boolean sendMessage(int command, int param) {
        if (mSingleton == null) {
            return false;
        }
        return mSingleton.sendCommand(command, Integer.valueOf(param));
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static Context getContext() {
        return SDL.getContext();
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static boolean isAndroidTV() {
        UiModeManager uiModeManager = (UiModeManager) getContext().getSystemService(UI_MODE_SERVICE);
        if (uiModeManager.getCurrentModeType() == Configuration.UI_MODE_TYPE_TELEVISION) {
            return true;
        }
        if (Build.MANUFACTURER.equals("MINIX") && Build.MODEL.equals("NEO-U1")) {
            return true;
        }
        if (Build.MANUFACTURER.equals("Amlogic") && Build.MODEL.equals("X96-W")) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static boolean isTablet() {
        DisplayMetrics metrics = new DisplayMetrics();
        Activity activity = (Activity)getContext();
        activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(metrics);

        double dWidthInches = metrics.widthPixels / (double)metrics.xdpi;
        double dHeightInches = metrics.heightPixels / (double)metrics.ydpi;

        double dDiagonal = Math.sqrt((dWidthInches * dWidthInches) + (dHeightInches * dHeightInches));

        // If our diagonal size is seven inches or greater, we consider ourselves a tablet.
        return (dDiagonal >= 7.0);
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static boolean isChromebook() {
        return getContext().getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature("org.chromium.arc.device_management");
    }    

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static boolean isDeXMode() {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 24) {
            return false;
        }
        try {
            final Configuration config = getContext().getResources().getConfiguration();
            final Class configClass = config.getClass();
            return configClass.getField("SEM_DESKTOP_MODE_ENABLED").getInt(configClass)
                    == configClass.getField("semDesktopModeEnabled").getInt(config);
        } catch(Exception ignored) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static DisplayMetrics getDisplayDPI() {
        return getContext().getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static boolean getManifestEnvironmentVariables() {
        try {
            ApplicationInfo applicationInfo = getContext().getPackageManager().getApplicationInfo(getContext().getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_META_DATA);
            Bundle bundle = applicationInfo.metaData;
            if (bundle == null) {
                return false;
            }
            String prefix = "SDL_ENV.";
            final int trimLength = prefix.length();
            for (String key : bundle.keySet()) {
                if (key.startsWith(prefix)) {
                    String name = key.substring(trimLength);
                    String value = bundle.get(key).toString();
                    nativeSetenv(name, value);
                }
            }
            /* environment variables set! */
            return true; 
        } catch (Exception e) {
           Log.v("SDL", "exception " + e.toString());
        }
        return false;
    }

    // This method is called by SDLControllerManager's API 26 Generic Motion Handler.
    public static View getContentView() 
    {
        return mSingleton.mLayout;
    }

    static class ShowTextInputTask implements Runnable {
        /*
         * This is used to regulate the pan&scan method to have some offset from
         * the bottom edge of the input region and the top edge of an input
         * method (soft keyboard)
         */
        static final int HEIGHT_PADDING = 15;

        public int x, y, w, h;

        public ShowTextInputTask(int x, int y, int w, int h) {
            this.x = x;
            this.y = y;
            this.w = w;
            this.h = h;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            RelativeLayout.LayoutParams params = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(w, h + HEIGHT_PADDING);
            params.leftMargin = x;
            params.topMargin = y;

            if (mTextEdit == null) {
                mTextEdit = new DummyEdit(SDL.getContext());

                mLayout.addView(mTextEdit, params);
            } else {
                mTextEdit.setLayoutParams(params);
            }

            mTextEdit.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            mTextEdit.requestFocus();

            InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) SDL.getContext().getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
            imm.showSoftInput(mTextEdit, 0);

            mScreenKeyboardShown = true;
        }
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static boolean showTextInput(int x, int y, int w, int h) {
        // Transfer the task to the main thread as a Runnable
        return mSingleton.commandHandler.post(new ShowTextInputTask(x, y, w, h));
    }

    public static boolean isTextInputEvent(KeyEvent event) {
      
        // Key pressed with Ctrl should be sent as SDL_KEYDOWN/SDL_KEYUP and not SDL_TEXTINPUT
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11) {
            if (event.isCtrlPressed()) {
                return false;
            }  
        }

        return event.isPrintingKey() || event.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_SPACE;
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static Surface getNativeSurface() {
        if (SDLActivity.mSurface == null) {
            return null;
        }
        return SDLActivity.mSurface.getNativeSurface();
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static void setSurfaceViewFormat(int format) {
        mSingleton.sendCommand(COMMAND_CHANGE_SURFACEVIEW_FORMAT, format);
        return;
    }

    // Input

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static void initTouch() {
        int[] ids = InputDevice.getDeviceIds();

        for (int i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
            InputDevice device = InputDevice.getDevice(ids[i]);
            if (device != null && (device.getSources() & InputDevice.SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN) != 0) {
                nativeAddTouch(device.getId(), device.getName());
            }
        }
    }

    // APK expansion files support

    /** com.android.vending.expansion.zipfile.ZipResourceFile object or null. */
    private static Object expansionFile;

    /** com.android.vending.expansion.zipfile.ZipResourceFile's getInputStream() or null. */
    private static Method expansionFileMethod;

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     * @return an InputStream on success or null if no expansion file was used.
     * @throws IOException on errors. Message is set for the SDL error message.
     */
    public static InputStream openAPKExpansionInputStream(String fileName) throws IOException {
        // Get a ZipResourceFile representing a merger of both the main and patch files
        if (expansionFile == null) {
            String mainHint = nativeGetHint("SDL_ANDROID_APK_EXPANSION_MAIN_FILE_VERSION");
            if (mainHint == null) {
                return null; // no expansion use if no main version was set
            }
            String patchHint = nativeGetHint("SDL_ANDROID_APK_EXPANSION_PATCH_FILE_VERSION");
            if (patchHint == null) {
                return null; // no expansion use if no patch version was set
            }

            Integer mainVersion;
            Integer patchVersion;
            try {
                mainVersion = Integer.valueOf(mainHint);
                patchVersion = Integer.valueOf(patchHint);
            } catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
                throw new IOException("No valid file versions set for APK expansion files", ex);
            }

            try {
                // To avoid direct dependency on Google APK expansion library that is
                // not a part of Android SDK we access it using reflection
                expansionFile = Class.forName("com.android.vending.expansion.zipfile.APKExpansionSupport")
                    .getMethod("getAPKExpansionZipFile", Context.class, int.class, int.class)
                    .invoke(null, SDL.getContext(), mainVersion, patchVersion);

                expansionFileMethod = expansionFile.getClass()
                    .getMethod("getInputStream", String.class);
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
                expansionFile = null;
                expansionFileMethod = null;
                throw new IOException("Could not access APK expansion support library", ex);
            }
        }

        // Get an input stream for a known file inside the expansion file ZIPs
        InputStream fileStream;
        try {
            fileStream = (InputStream)expansionFileMethod.invoke(expansionFile, fileName);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            // calling "getInputStream" failed
            ex.printStackTrace();
            throw new IOException("Could not open stream from APK expansion file", ex);
        }

        if (fileStream == null) {
            // calling "getInputStream" was successful but null was returned
            throw new IOException("Could not find path in APK expansion file");
        }

        return fileStream;
    }

    // Messagebox

    /** Result of current messagebox. Also used for blocking the calling thread. */
    protected final int[] messageboxSelection = new int[1];

    /** Id of current dialog. */
    protected int dialogs = 0;

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     * Shows the messagebox from UI thread and block calling thread.
     * buttonFlags, buttonIds and buttonTexts must have same length.
     * @param buttonFlags array containing flags for every button.
     * @param buttonIds array containing id for every button.
     * @param buttonTexts array containing text for every button.
     * @param colors null for default or array of length 5 containing colors.
     * @return button id or -1.
     */
    public int messageboxShowMessageBox(
            final int flags,
            final String title,
            final String message,
            final int[] buttonFlags,
            final int[] buttonIds,
            final String[] buttonTexts,
            final int[] colors) {

        messageboxSelection[0] = -1;

        // sanity checks

        if ((buttonFlags.length != buttonIds.length) && (buttonIds.length != buttonTexts.length)) {
            return -1; // implementation broken
        }

        // collect arguments for Dialog

        final Bundle args = new Bundle();
        args.putInt("flags", flags);
        args.putString("title", title);
        args.putString("message", message);
        args.putIntArray("buttonFlags", buttonFlags);
        args.putIntArray("buttonIds", buttonIds);
        args.putStringArray("buttonTexts", buttonTexts);
        args.putIntArray("colors", colors);

        // trigger Dialog creation on UI thread

        runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                showDialog(dialogs++, args);
            }
        });

        // block the calling thread

        synchronized (messageboxSelection) {
            try {
                messageboxSelection.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
                return -1;
            }
        }

        // return selected value

        return messageboxSelection[0];
    }

    @Override
    protected Dialog onCreateDialog(int ignore, Bundle args) {

        // TODO set values from "flags" to messagebox dialog

        // get colors

        int[] colors = args.getIntArray("colors");
        int backgroundColor;
        int textColor;
        int buttonBorderColor;
        int buttonBackgroundColor;
        int buttonSelectedColor;
        if (colors != null) {
            int i = -1;
            backgroundColor = colors[++i];
            textColor = colors[++i];
            buttonBorderColor = colors[++i];
            buttonBackgroundColor = colors[++i];
            buttonSelectedColor = colors[++i];
        } else {
            backgroundColor = Color.TRANSPARENT;
            textColor = Color.TRANSPARENT;
            buttonBorderColor = Color.TRANSPARENT;
            buttonBackgroundColor = Color.TRANSPARENT;
            buttonSelectedColor = Color.TRANSPARENT;
        }

        // create dialog with title and a listener to wake up calling thread

        final Dialog dialog = new Dialog(this);
        dialog.setTitle(args.getString("title"));
        dialog.setCancelable(false);
        dialog.setOnDismissListener(new DialogInterface.OnDismissListener() {
            @Override
            public void onDismiss(DialogInterface unused) {
                synchronized (messageboxSelection) {
                    messageboxSelection.notify();
                }
            }
        });

        // create text

        TextView message = new TextView(this);
        message.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
        message.setText(args.getString("message"));
        if (textColor != Color.TRANSPARENT) {
            message.setTextColor(textColor);
        }

        // create buttons

        int[] buttonFlags = args.getIntArray("buttonFlags");
        int[] buttonIds = args.getIntArray("buttonIds");
        String[] buttonTexts = args.getStringArray("buttonTexts");

        final SparseArray<Button> mapping = new SparseArray<Button>();

        LinearLayout buttons = new LinearLayout(this);
        buttons.setOrientation(LinearLayout.HORIZONTAL);
        buttons.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
        for (int i = 0; i < buttonTexts.length; ++i) {
            Button button = new Button(this);
            final int id = buttonIds[i];
            button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    messageboxSelection[0] = id;
                    dialog.dismiss();
                }
            });
            if (buttonFlags[i] != 0) {
                // see SDL_messagebox.h
                if ((buttonFlags[i] & 0x00000001) != 0) {
                    mapping.put(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_ENTER, button);
                }
                if ((buttonFlags[i] & 0x00000002) != 0) {
                    mapping.put(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_ESCAPE, button); /* API 11 */
                }
            }
            button.setText(buttonTexts[i]);
            if (textColor != Color.TRANSPARENT) {
                button.setTextColor(textColor);
            }
            if (buttonBorderColor != Color.TRANSPARENT) {
                // TODO set color for border of messagebox button
            }
            if (buttonBackgroundColor != Color.TRANSPARENT) {
                Drawable drawable = button.getBackground();
                if (drawable == null) {
                    // setting the color this way removes the style
                    button.setBackgroundColor(buttonBackgroundColor);
                } else {
                    // setting the color this way keeps the style (gradient, padding, etc.)
                    drawable.setColorFilter(buttonBackgroundColor, PorterDuff.Mode.MULTIPLY);
                }
            }
            if (buttonSelectedColor != Color.TRANSPARENT) {
                // TODO set color for selected messagebox button
            }
            buttons.addView(button);
        }

        // create content

        LinearLayout content = new LinearLayout(this);
        content.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);
        content.addView(message);
        content.addView(buttons);
        if (backgroundColor != Color.TRANSPARENT) {
            content.setBackgroundColor(backgroundColor);
        }

        // add content to dialog and return

        dialog.setContentView(content);
        dialog.setOnKeyListener(new Dialog.OnKeyListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onKey(DialogInterface d, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
                Button button = mapping.get(keyCode);
                if (button != null) {
                    if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP) {
                        button.performClick();
                    }
                    return true; // also for ignored actions
                }
                return false;
            }
        });

        return dialog;
    }

    private final Runnable rehideSystemUi = new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            int flags = View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_FULLSCREEN |
                        View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_HIDE_NAVIGATION |
                        View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_IMMERSIVE_STICKY |
                        View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LAYOUT_FULLSCREEN |
                        View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LAYOUT_HIDE_NAVIGATION |
                        View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LAYOUT_STABLE | View.INVISIBLE;

            SDLActivity.this.getWindow().getDecorView().setSystemUiVisibility(flags);
        }
    };

    public void onSystemUiVisibilityChange(int visibility) {
        if (SDLActivity.mFullscreenModeActive && ((visibility & View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_FULLSCREEN) == 0 || (visibility & View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_HIDE_NAVIGATION) == 0)) {

            Handler handler = getWindow().getDecorView().getHandler();
            if (handler != null) {
                handler.removeCallbacks(rehideSystemUi); // Prevent a hide loop.
                handler.postDelayed(rehideSystemUi, 2000);
            }

        }
    }    

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static boolean clipboardHasText() {
        return mClipboardHandler.clipboardHasText();
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static String clipboardGetText() {
        return mClipboardHandler.clipboardGetText();
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static void clipboardSetText(String string) {
        mClipboardHandler.clipboardSetText(string);
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static int createCustomCursor(int[] colors, int width, int height, int hotSpotX, int hotSpotY) {
        Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(colors, width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        ++mLastCursorID;

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
            try {
                mCursors.put(mLastCursorID, PointerIcon.create(bitmap, hotSpotX, hotSpotY));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                return 0;
            }
        } else {
            return 0;
        }
        return mLastCursorID;
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static boolean setCustomCursor(int cursorID) {

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
            try {
                mSurface.setPointerIcon(mCursors.get(cursorID));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                return false;
            }
        } else {
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by SDL using JNI.
     */
    public static boolean setSystemCursor(int cursorID) {
        int cursor_type = 0; //PointerIcon.TYPE_NULL;
        switch (cursorID) {
        case SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_ARROW:
            cursor_type = 1000; //PointerIcon.TYPE_ARROW;
            break;
        case SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_IBEAM:
            cursor_type = 1008; //PointerIcon.TYPE_TEXT;
            break;
        case SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_WAIT:
            cursor_type = 1004; //PointerIcon.TYPE_WAIT;
            break;
        case SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_CROSSHAIR:
            cursor_type = 1007; //PointerIcon.TYPE_CROSSHAIR;
            break;
        case SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_WAITARROW:
            cursor_type = 1004; //PointerIcon.TYPE_WAIT;
            break;
        case SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_SIZENWSE:
            cursor_type = 1017; //PointerIcon.TYPE_TOP_LEFT_DIAGONAL_DOUBLE_ARROW;
            break;
        case SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_SIZENESW:
            cursor_type = 1016; //PointerIcon.TYPE_TOP_RIGHT_DIAGONAL_DOUBLE_ARROW;
            break;
        case SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_SIZEWE:
            cursor_type = 1014; //PointerIcon.TYPE_HORIZONTAL_DOUBLE_ARROW;
            break;
        case SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_SIZENS:
            cursor_type = 1015; //PointerIcon.TYPE_VERTICAL_DOUBLE_ARROW;
            break;
        case SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_SIZEALL:
            cursor_type = 1020; //PointerIcon.TYPE_GRAB;
            break;
        case SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_NO:
            cursor_type = 1012; //PointerIcon.TYPE_NO_DROP;
            break;
        case SDL_SYSTEM_CURSOR_HAND:
            cursor_type = 1002; //PointerIcon.TYPE_HAND;
            break;
        }
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
            try {
                mSurface.setPointerIcon(PointerIcon.getSystemIcon(SDL.getContext(), cursor_type));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
}

/**
    Simple runnable to start the SDL application
*/
class SDLMain implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // Runs SDL_main()
        String library = SDLActivity.mSingleton.getMainSharedObject();
        String function = SDLActivity.mSingleton.getMainFunction();
        String[] arguments = SDLActivity.mSingleton.getArguments();

        try {
            android.os.Process.setThreadPriority(android.os.Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_DISPLAY);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.v("SDL", "modify thread properties failed " + e.toString());
        }

        Log.v("SDL", "Running main function " + function + " from library " + library);

        SDLActivity.nativeRunMain(library, function, arguments);

        Log.v("SDL", "Finished main function");

        if (SDLActivity.mSingleton.isFinishing()) {
            // Activity is already being destroyed
        } else {
            // Let's finish the Activity
            SDLActivity.mSDLThread = null;
            SDLActivity.mSingleton.finish();
        }
    }
}


/**
    SDLSurface. This is what we draw on, so we need to know when it's created
    in order to do anything useful.

    Because of this, that's where we set up the SDL thread
*/
class SDLSurface extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback,
    View.OnKeyListener, View.OnTouchListener, SensorEventListener  {

    // Sensors
    protected SensorManager mSensorManager;
    protected Display mDisplay;

    // Keep track of the surface size to normalize touch events
    protected float mWidth, mHeight;

    // Is SurfaceView ready for rendering
    public boolean mIsSurfaceReady;

    // Startup
    public SDLSurface(Context context) {
        super(context);
        getHolder().addCallback(this);

        setFocusable(true);
        setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
        requestFocus();
        setOnKeyListener(this);
        setOnTouchListener(this);

        mDisplay = ((WindowManager)context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE)).getDefaultDisplay();
        mSensorManager = (SensorManager)context.getSystemService(Context.SENSOR_SERVICE);

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 12) {
            setOnGenericMotionListener(SDLActivity.getMotionListener());
        }

        // Some arbitrary defaults to avoid a potential division by zero
        mWidth = 1.0f;
        mHeight = 1.0f;

        mIsSurfaceReady = false;
    }

    public void handlePause() {
        enableSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER, false);
    }

    public void handleResume() {
        setFocusable(true);
        setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
        requestFocus();
        setOnKeyListener(this);
        setOnTouchListener(this);
        enableSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER, true);
    }

    public Surface getNativeSurface() {
        return getHolder().getSurface();
    }

    // Called when we have a valid drawing surface
    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        Log.v("SDL", "surfaceCreated()");
        SDLActivity.onNativeSurfaceCreated();
    }

    // Called when we lose the surface
    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        Log.v("SDL", "surfaceDestroyed()");

        // Transition to pause, if needed
        SDLActivity.mNextNativeState = SDLActivity.NativeState.PAUSED;
        SDLActivity.handleNativeState();

        mIsSurfaceReady = false;
        SDLActivity.onNativeSurfaceDestroyed();
    }

    // Called when the surface is resized
    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder,
                               int format, int width, int height) {
        Log.v("SDL", "surfaceChanged()");

        if (SDLActivity.mSingleton == null) {
            return;
        }

        int sdlFormat = 0x15151002; // SDL_PIXELFORMAT_RGB565 by default
        switch (format) {
        case PixelFormat.RGBA_8888:
            Log.v("SDL", "pixel format RGBA_8888");
            sdlFormat = 0x16462004; // SDL_PIXELFORMAT_RGBA8888
            break;
        case PixelFormat.RGBX_8888:
            Log.v("SDL", "pixel format RGBX_8888");
            sdlFormat = 0x16261804; // SDL_PIXELFORMAT_RGBX8888
            break;
        case PixelFormat.RGB_565:
            Log.v("SDL", "pixel format RGB_565");
            sdlFormat = 0x15151002; // SDL_PIXELFORMAT_RGB565
            break;
        case PixelFormat.RGB_888:
            Log.v("SDL", "pixel format RGB_888");
            // Not sure this is right, maybe SDL_PIXELFORMAT_RGB24 instead?
            sdlFormat = 0x16161804; // SDL_PIXELFORMAT_RGB888
            break;
        default:
            Log.v("SDL", "pixel format unknown " + format);
            break;
        }

        mWidth = width;
        mHeight = height;
        int nDeviceWidth = width;
        int nDeviceHeight = height;
        try
        {
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 17) {
                android.util.DisplayMetrics realMetrics = new android.util.DisplayMetrics();
                mDisplay.getRealMetrics( realMetrics );
                nDeviceWidth = realMetrics.widthPixels;
                nDeviceHeight = realMetrics.heightPixels;
            }
        }
        catch ( java.lang.Throwable throwable ) {}

        synchronized(SDLActivity.getContext()) {
            // In case we're waiting on a size change after going fullscreen, send a notification.
            SDLActivity.getContext().notifyAll();
        }

        Log.v("SDL", "Window size: " + width + "x" + height);
        Log.v("SDL", "Device size: " + nDeviceWidth + "x" + nDeviceHeight);
        SDLActivity.onNativeResize(width, height, nDeviceWidth, nDeviceHeight, sdlFormat, mDisplay.getRefreshRate());

        boolean skip = false;
        int requestedOrientation = SDLActivity.mSingleton.getRequestedOrientation();

        if (requestedOrientation == ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_UNSPECIFIED)
        {
            // Accept any
        }
        else if (requestedOrientation == ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT || requestedOrientation == ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_SENSOR_PORTRAIT)
        {
            if (mWidth > mHeight) {
               skip = true;
            }
        } else if (requestedOrientation == ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE || requestedOrientation == ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_SENSOR_LANDSCAPE) {
            if (mWidth < mHeight) {
               skip = true;
            }
        }

        // Special Patch for Square Resolution: Black Berry Passport
        if (skip) {
           double min = Math.min(mWidth, mHeight);
           double max = Math.max(mWidth, mHeight);

           if (max / min < 1.20) {
              Log.v("SDL", "Don't skip on such aspect-ratio. Could be a square resolution.");
              skip = false;
           }
        }

        if (skip) {
           Log.v("SDL", "Skip .. Surface is not ready.");
           mIsSurfaceReady = false;
           return;
        }

        /* If the surface has been previously destroyed by onNativeSurfaceDestroyed, recreate it here */
        SDLActivity.onNativeSurfaceChanged();

        /* Surface is ready */
        mIsSurfaceReady = true;

        SDLActivity.mNextNativeState = SDLActivity.NativeState.RESUMED;
        SDLActivity.handleNativeState();
    }

    // Key events
    @Override
    public boolean onKey(View  v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
        // Dispatch the different events depending on where they come from
        // Some SOURCE_JOYSTICK, SOURCE_DPAD or SOURCE_GAMEPAD are also SOURCE_KEYBOARD
        // So, we try to process them as JOYSTICK/DPAD/GAMEPAD events first, if that fails we try them as KEYBOARD
        //
        // Furthermore, it's possible a game controller has SOURCE_KEYBOARD and
        // SOURCE_JOYSTICK, while its key events arrive from the keyboard source
        // So, retrieve the device itself and check all of its sources
        if (SDLControllerManager.isDeviceSDLJoystick(event.getDeviceId())) {
            // Note that we process events with specific key codes here
            if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                if (SDLControllerManager.onNativePadDown(event.getDeviceId(), keyCode) == 0) {
                    return true;
                }
            } else if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP) {
                if (SDLControllerManager.onNativePadUp(event.getDeviceId(), keyCode) == 0) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }

        if ((event.getSource() & InputDevice.SOURCE_KEYBOARD) != 0) {
            if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                //Log.v("SDL", "key down: " + keyCode);
                if (SDLActivity.isTextInputEvent(event)) {
                    SDLInputConnection.nativeCommitText(String.valueOf((char) event.getUnicodeChar()), 1);
                }
                SDLActivity.onNativeKeyDown(keyCode);
                return true;
            }
            else if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP) {
                //Log.v("SDL", "key up: " + keyCode);
                SDLActivity.onNativeKeyUp(keyCode);
                return true;
            }
        }

        if ((event.getSource() & InputDevice.SOURCE_MOUSE) != 0) {
            // on some devices key events are sent for mouse BUTTON_BACK/FORWARD presses
            // they are ignored here because sending them as mouse input to SDL is messy
            if ((keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) || (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_FORWARD)) {
                switch (event.getAction()) {
                case KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                case KeyEvent.ACTION_UP:
                    // mark the event as handled or it will be handled by system
                    // handling KEYCODE_BACK by system will call onBackPressed()
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    // Touch events
    @Override
    public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
        /* Ref: http://developer.android.com/training/gestures/multi.html */
        final int touchDevId = event.getDeviceId();
        final int pointerCount = event.getPointerCount();
        int action = event.getActionMasked();
        int pointerFingerId;
        int mouseButton;
        int i = -1;
        float x,y,p;

        // !!! FIXME: dump this SDK check after 2.0.4 ships and require API14.
        // 12290 = Samsung DeX mode desktop mouse
        if ((event.getSource() == InputDevice.SOURCE_MOUSE || event.getSource() == 12290) && SDLActivity.mSeparateMouseAndTouch) {
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 14) {
                mouseButton = 1; // all mouse buttons are the left button
            } else {
                try {
                    mouseButton = (Integer) event.getClass().getMethod("getButtonState").invoke(event);
                } catch(Exception e) {
                    mouseButton = 1;    // oh well.
                }
            }

            // We need to check if we're in relative mouse mode and get the axis offset rather than the x/y values
            // if we are.  We'll leverage our existing mouse motion listener
            SDLGenericMotionListener_API12 motionListener = SDLActivity.getMotionListener();
            x = motionListener.getEventX(event);
            y = motionListener.getEventY(event);

            SDLActivity.onNativeMouse(mouseButton, action, x, y, motionListener.inRelativeMode());
        } else {
            switch(action) {
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                    for (i = 0; i < pointerCount; i++) {
                        pointerFingerId = event.getPointerId(i);
                        x = event.getX(i) / mWidth;
                        y = event.getY(i) / mHeight;
                        p = event.getPressure(i);
                        if (p > 1.0f) {
                            // may be larger than 1.0f on some devices
                            // see the documentation of getPressure(i)
                            p = 1.0f;
                        }
                        SDLActivity.onNativeTouch(touchDevId, pointerFingerId, action, x, y, p);
                    }
                    break;

                case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                    // Primary pointer up/down, the index is always zero
                    i = 0;
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP:
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN:
                    // Non primary pointer up/down
                    if (i == -1) {
                        i = event.getActionIndex();
                    }

                    pointerFingerId = event.getPointerId(i);
                    x = event.getX(i) / mWidth;
                    y = event.getY(i) / mHeight;
                    p = event.getPressure(i);
                    if (p > 1.0f) {
                        // may be larger than 1.0f on some devices
                        // see the documentation of getPressure(i)
                        p = 1.0f;
                    }
                    SDLActivity.onNativeTouch(touchDevId, pointerFingerId, action, x, y, p);
                    break;

                case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
                    for (i = 0; i < pointerCount; i++) {
                        pointerFingerId = event.getPointerId(i);
                        x = event.getX(i) / mWidth;
                        y = event.getY(i) / mHeight;
                        p = event.getPressure(i);
                        if (p > 1.0f) {
                            // may be larger than 1.0f on some devices
                            // see the documentation of getPressure(i)
                            p = 1.0f;
                        }
                        SDLActivity.onNativeTouch(touchDevId, pointerFingerId, MotionEvent.ACTION_UP, x, y, p);
                    }
                    break;

                default:
                    break;
            }
        }

        return true;
   }

    // Sensor events
    public void enableSensor(int sensortype, boolean enabled) {
        // TODO: This uses getDefaultSensor - what if we have >1 accels?
        if (enabled) {
            mSensorManager.registerListener(this,
                            mSensorManager.getDefaultSensor(sensortype),
                            SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_GAME, null);
        } else {
            mSensorManager.unregisterListener(this,
                            mSensorManager.getDefaultSensor(sensortype));
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onAccuracyChanged(Sensor sensor, int accuracy) {
        // TODO
    }

    @Override
    public void onSensorChanged(SensorEvent event) {
        if (event.sensor.getType() == Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER) {

            // Since we may have an orientation set, we won't receive onConfigurationChanged events.
            // We thus should check here.
            int newOrientation = SDLActivity.SDL_ORIENTATION_UNKNOWN;
    
            float x, y;
            switch (mDisplay.getRotation()) {
                case Surface.ROTATION_90:
                    x = -event.values[1];
                    y = event.values[0];
                    newOrientation = SDLActivity.SDL_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE;
                    break;
                case Surface.ROTATION_270:
                    x = event.values[1];
                    y = -event.values[0];
                    newOrientation = SDLActivity.SDL_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE_FLIPPED;
                    break;
                case Surface.ROTATION_180:
                    x = -event.values[1];
                    y = -event.values[0];
                    newOrientation = SDLActivity.SDL_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT_FLIPPED;
                    break;
                default:
                    x = event.values[0];
                    y = event.values[1];
                    newOrientation = SDLActivity.SDL_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT;
                    break;
            }

            if (newOrientation != SDLActivity.mCurrentOrientation) {
                SDLActivity.mCurrentOrientation = newOrientation;
                SDLActivity.onNativeOrientationChanged(newOrientation);
            }

            SDLActivity.onNativeAccel(-x / SensorManager.GRAVITY_EARTH,
                                      y / SensorManager.GRAVITY_EARTH,
                                      event.values[2] / SensorManager.GRAVITY_EARTH);

            
        }
    }

    // Captured pointer events for API 26.
    public boolean onCapturedPointerEvent(MotionEvent event)
    {
        int action = event.getActionMasked();

        float x, y;
        switch (action) {
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_SCROLL:
                x = event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_HSCROLL, 0);
                y = event.getAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_VSCROLL, 0);
                SDLActivity.onNativeMouse(0, action, x, y, false);
                return true;

            case MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE:
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                x = event.getX(0);
                y = event.getY(0);
                SDLActivity.onNativeMouse(0, action, x, y, true);
                return true;

            case MotionEvent.ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS:
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE:

                // Change our action value to what SDL's code expects.
                if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_BUTTON_PRESS) {
                    action = MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN;
                }
                else if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_BUTTON_RELEASE) {
                    action = MotionEvent.ACTION_UP;
                }

                x = event.getX(0);
                y = event.getY(0);
                int button = event.getButtonState();

                SDLActivity.onNativeMouse(button, action, x, y, true);
                return true;
        }

        return false;
    }

}

/* This is a fake invisible editor view that receives the input and defines the
 * pan&scan region
 */
class DummyEdit extends View implements View.OnKeyListener {
    InputConnection ic;

    public DummyEdit(Context context) {
        super(context);
        setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
        setFocusable(true);
        setOnKeyListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCheckIsTextEditor() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onKey(View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
        /* 
         * This handles the hardware keyboard input
         */
        if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            if (SDLActivity.isTextInputEvent(event)) {
                ic.commitText(String.valueOf((char) event.getUnicodeChar()), 1);
                return true;
            }
            SDLActivity.onNativeKeyDown(keyCode);
            return true;
        } else if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP) {
            SDLActivity.onNativeKeyUp(keyCode);
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    //
    @Override
    public boolean onKeyPreIme (int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
        // As seen on StackOverflow: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7634346/keyboard-hide-event
        // FIXME: Discussion at http://bugzilla.libsdl.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1639
        // FIXME: This is not a 100% effective solution to the problem of detecting if the keyboard is showing or not
        // FIXME: A more effective solution would be to assume our Layout to be RelativeLayout or LinearLayout
        // FIXME: And determine the keyboard presence doing this: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2150078/how-to-check-visibility-of-software-keyboard-in-android
        // FIXME: An even more effective way would be if Android provided this out of the box, but where would the fun be in that :)
        if (event.getAction()==KeyEvent.ACTION_UP && keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) {
            if (SDLActivity.mTextEdit != null && SDLActivity.mTextEdit.getVisibility() == View.VISIBLE) {
                SDLActivity.onNativeKeyboardFocusLost();
            }
        }
        return super.onKeyPreIme(keyCode, event);
    }

    @Override
    public InputConnection onCreateInputConnection(EditorInfo outAttrs) {
        ic = new SDLInputConnection(this, true);

        outAttrs.inputType = InputType.TYPE_CLASS_TEXT | InputType.TYPE_TEXT_VARIATION_VISIBLE_PASSWORD;
        outAttrs.imeOptions = EditorInfo.IME_FLAG_NO_EXTRACT_UI
                | EditorInfo.IME_FLAG_NO_FULLSCREEN /* API 11 */;

        return ic;
    }
}

class SDLInputConnection extends BaseInputConnection {

    public SDLInputConnection(View targetView, boolean fullEditor) {
        super(targetView, fullEditor);

    }

    @Override
    public boolean sendKeyEvent(KeyEvent event) {
        /*
         * This used to handle the keycodes from soft keyboard (and IME-translated input from hardkeyboard)
         * However, as of Ice Cream Sandwich and later, almost all soft keyboard doesn't generate key presses
         * and so we need to generate them ourselves in commitText.  To avoid duplicates on the handful of keys
         * that still do, we empty this out.
         */

        /*
         * Return DOES still generate a key event, however.  So rather than using it as the 'click a button' key
         * as we do with physical keyboards, let's just use it to hide the keyboard.
         */

        if (event.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_ENTER) {
            String imeHide = SDLActivity.nativeGetHint("SDL_RETURN_KEY_HIDES_IME");
            if ((imeHide != null) && imeHide.equals("1")) {
                Context c = SDL.getContext();
                if (c instanceof SDLActivity) {
                    SDLActivity activity = (SDLActivity)c;
                    activity.sendCommand(SDLActivity.COMMAND_TEXTEDIT_HIDE, null);
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }


        return super.sendKeyEvent(event);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean commitText(CharSequence text, int newCursorPosition) {

        for (int i = 0; i < text.length(); i++) {
            char c = text.charAt(i);
            nativeGenerateScancodeForUnichar(c);
        }

        SDLInputConnection.nativeCommitText(text.toString(), newCursorPosition);

        return super.commitText(text, newCursorPosition);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean setComposingText(CharSequence text, int newCursorPosition) {

        nativeSetComposingText(text.toString(), newCursorPosition);

        return super.setComposingText(text, newCursorPosition);
    }

    public static native void nativeCommitText(String text, int newCursorPosition);

    public native void nativeGenerateScancodeForUnichar(char c);

    public native void nativeSetComposingText(String text, int newCursorPosition);

    @Override
    public boolean deleteSurroundingText(int beforeLength, int afterLength) {
        // Workaround to capture backspace key. Ref: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14560344/android-backspace-in-webview-baseinputconnection
        // and https://bugzilla.libsdl.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2265
        if (beforeLength > 0 && afterLength == 0) {
            boolean ret = true;
            // backspace(s)
            while (beforeLength-- > 0) {
               boolean ret_key = sendKeyEvent(new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN, KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DEL))
                              && sendKeyEvent(new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_UP, KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DEL));
               ret = ret && ret_key; 
            }
            return ret;
        }

        return super.deleteSurroundingText(beforeLength, afterLength);
    }
}

interface SDLClipboardHandler {

    public boolean clipboardHasText();
    public String clipboardGetText();
    public void clipboardSetText(String string);

}


class SDLClipboardHandler_API11 implements
    SDLClipboardHandler, 
    android.content.ClipboardManager.OnPrimaryClipChangedListener {

    protected android.content.ClipboardManager mClipMgr;

    SDLClipboardHandler_API11() {
       mClipMgr = (android.content.ClipboardManager) SDL.getContext().getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE);
       mClipMgr.addPrimaryClipChangedListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean clipboardHasText() {
       return mClipMgr.hasText();
    }

    @Override
    public String clipboardGetText() {
        CharSequence text;
        text = mClipMgr.getText();
        if (text != null) {
           return text.toString();
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void clipboardSetText(String string) {
       mClipMgr.removePrimaryClipChangedListener(this);
       mClipMgr.setText(string);
       mClipMgr.addPrimaryClipChangedListener(this);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onPrimaryClipChanged() {
        SDLActivity.onNativeClipboardChanged();
    }

}

class SDLClipboardHandler_Old implements
    SDLClipboardHandler {
   
    protected android.text.ClipboardManager mClipMgrOld;
  
    SDLClipboardHandler_Old() {
       mClipMgrOld = (android.text.ClipboardManager) SDL.getContext().getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean clipboardHasText() {
       return mClipMgrOld.hasText();
    }

    @Override
    public String clipboardGetText() {
       CharSequence text;
       text = mClipMgrOld.getText();
       if (text != null) {
          return text.toString();
       }
       return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void clipboardSetText(String string) {
       mClipMgrOld.setText(string);
    }
}