external/tiff-4.1.0/html/man/tiffcrop.1.html

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<h1 align=center>TIFFCROP</h1>
<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
<a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a><br>
<a href="#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a><br>
<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>

<hr>
<a name="NAME"></a>
<h2>NAME</h2>
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<p>tiffcrop &minus; copy (and possibly convert and crop or
process) a <small>TIFF</small> file</p>
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<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
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<p><b>tiffcrop</b> [ <i>options</i> ] <i>src1.tif ...
srcN.tif dst.tif</i></p>
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<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
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<p><i>tiffcrop</i> combines one or more files created
according to the Tag Image File Format, Revision 6.0 into a
single <small>TIFF</small> file. The output file may be
compressed using a different algorithm than the input files.
<i>tiffcrop</i> is most often used to extract portions of an
image for processing with bar code recognizer or OCR
software when that software cannot restrict the region of
interest to a specific portion of the image or to improve
efficiency when the regions of interest must be rotated.</p>
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<p>By default, <i>tiffcrop</i> will copy all the understood
tags in a <small>TIFF</small> directory of an input file to
the associated directory in the output file.</p>
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<p><i>tiffcrop</i> can be used to reorganize the storage
characteristics of data in a file, and it will alter or
convert the image data content as specified at the same
time, unlike tiffcp.</p>
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<p><i>tiffcrop</i> will behave exactly like tiffcp if none
of the new options are specified.</p>
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<a name="OPTIONS"></a>
<h2>OPTIONS</h2>
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<p><b>&minus;N odd|even|#,#-#,#|last</b></p></td>
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<p>sequences and ranges of images within file to process.
The words <b>odd</b> or <b>even</b> may be used to specify
all odd or even numbered images. The word <b>last</b> may be
used in place of a number in the sequence to indicate the
final image in the file without knowing how many images
there are. Ranges of images may be specified with a dash and
multiple sets can be indicated by joining them in a
comma-separated list. e.g.. use <b>&minus;N 1,5-7,last</b>
to process the 1st, 5th through 7th, and final image in the
file.</p>
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<p><b>&minus;E top|bottom|left|right</b></p></td>
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<p>use the top, bottom, left, or right edge as origin
reference for width and length of crop regions. May be
abbreviated to first letter.</p>
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<p><b>&minus;U in|cm|px</b></p></td>
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<p>units to apply to dimensions for margins and crop
regions. Inches or centimeters are converted to pixels using
the resolution unit specified in the TIFF file (which
defaults to inches if not specified in the IFD).</p>
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<p><b>&minus;m #,#,#,#</b></p></td>
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<p>margins to be removed from the image. The order must be
top, left, bottom, right with only commas separating the
elements of the list. Margins are scaled according to the
current units and removed before any other extractions are
computed. Capital M was in use.</p>
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<p><b>&minus;X #</b></p>
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<p>horizontal (X-axis) dimension of a region to extract
relative to the specified origin reference. If the origin is
the top or bottom edge, the X axis value will be assumed to
start at the left edge.</p>
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<p><b>&minus;Y #</b></p>
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<p>vertical (Y-axis) dimension of a region to extract
relative to the specified origin reference. If the origin is
the left or right edge, the Y axis value will be assumed to
start at the top.</p>
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<p><b>&minus;Z #:#,#:#</b></p></td>
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<p>zones of the image designated as position X of Y equal
sized portions measured from the reference edge, e.g. 1:3
would be first third of the image starting from the
reference edge minus any margins specified for the confining
edges. Multiple zones can be specified as a comma separated
list but they must reference the same edge. To extract the
top quarter and the bottom third of an image you would use
<b>&minus;Z 1:4,3:3.</b></p>
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<p><b>&minus;F horiz|vert</b></p></td>
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<p>flip, i.e. mirror, the image or extracted region
horizontally or vertically.</p>
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<p><b>&minus;R 90|180|270</b></p></td>
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<p>rotate the image or extracted region 90, 180, or 270
degrees clockwise.</p>
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<p><b>&minus;I</b></p>
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<p>invert the colorspace values for grayscale and bi-level
images. This would be used to correct negative images that
have incorrect PHOTOMETRIC INTERPRETATION tags. No support
for color images.</p>
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<p><b>&minus;b</b> <i>image</i></p></td>
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<p>subtract the following monochrome image from all others
processed. This can be used to remove a noise bias from a
set of images. This bias image is typically an image of
noise the camera saw with its shutter closed. Bias image
support is not available with options for cropping,
rotating, or inverting the image.</p>
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<p><b>&minus;B</b></p>
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<p>Force output to be written with Big-Endian byte order.
This option only has an effect when the output file is
created or overwritten and not when it is appended to.</p>
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<td width="10%"></td>
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<p><b>&minus;C</b></p>
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<td width="5%"></td>
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<p>Suppress the use of &lsquo;&lsquo;strip
chopping&rsquo;&rsquo; when reading images that have a
single strip/tile of uncompressed data.</p>
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<p><b>&minus;c</b></p>
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<p>Specify the compression to use for data written to the
output file: <b>none</b> for no compression, <b>packbits</b>
for PackBits compression, <b>lzw</b> for Lempel-Ziv &amp;
Welch compression, <b>jpeg</b> for baseline JPEG
compression, <b>zip</b> for Deflate compression, <b>g3</b>
for CCITT Group 3 (T.4) compression, and <b>g4</b> for CCITT
Group 4 (T.6) compression. By default <i>tiffcrop</i> will
compress data according to the value of the
<i>Compression</i> tag found in the source file.</p>
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<p>The <small>CCITT</small> Group 3 and Group 4 compression
algorithms can only be used with bi-level data.</p>
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<p>Group 3 compression can be specified together with
several T.4-specific options: <b>1d</b> for 1-dimensional
encoding, <b>2d</b> for 2-dimensional encoding, and
<b>fill</b> to force each encoded scanline to be zero-filled
so that the terminating EOL code lies on a byte boundary.
Group 3-specific options are specified by appending a
&lsquo;&lsquo;:&rsquo;&rsquo;-separated list to the
&lsquo;&lsquo;g3&rsquo;&rsquo; option; e.g. <b>&minus;c
g3:2d:fill</b> to get 2D-encoded data with byte-aligned EOL
codes.</p>
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<p><small>LZW</small> compression can be specified together
with a <i>predictor</i> value. A predictor value of 2 causes
each scanline of the output image to undergo horizontal
differencing before it is encoded; a value of 1 forces each
scanline to be encoded without differencing. LZW-specific
options are specified by appending a
&lsquo;&lsquo;:&rsquo;&rsquo;-separated list to the
&lsquo;&lsquo;lzw&rsquo;&rsquo; option; e.g. <b>&minus;c
lzw:2</b> for <small>LZW</small> compression with horizontal
differencing.</p>
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<p><b>&minus;f</b></p>
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<p>Specify the bit fill order to use in writing output
data. By default, <i>tiffcrop</i> will create a new file
with the same fill order as the original. Specifying
<b>&minus;f lsb2msb</b> will force data to be written with
the FillOrder tag set to <small>LSB2MSB,</small> while
<b>&minus;f msb2lsb</b> will force data to be written with
the FillOrder tag set to <small>MSB2LSB.</small></p>
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<p><b>&minus;i</b></p>
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<p>Ignore non-fatal read errors and continue processing of
the input file.</p>
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<p><b>&minus;l</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
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<p>Specify the length of a tile (in pixels).
<i>tiffcrop</i> attempts to set the tile dimensions so that
no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a tile.</p>
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<p><b>&minus;L</b></p>
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<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Force output to be written with Little-Endian byte
order. This option only has an effect when the output file
is created or overwritten and not when it is appended
to.</p>
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<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;M</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
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<p>Suppress the use of memory-mapped files when reading
images.</p>
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<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;p</b></p>
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<td width="5%"></td>
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<p>Specify the planar configuration to use in writing image
data that has one 8-bit sample per pixel. By default,
<i>tiffcrop</i> will create a new file with the same planar
configuration as the original. Specifying <b>&minus;p
contig</b> will force data to be written with multi-sample
data packed together, while <b>&minus;p separate</b> will
force samples to be written in separate planes.</p>
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<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;r</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Specify the number of rows (scanlines) in each strip of
data written to the output file. By default (or when value
<b>0</b> is specified), <i>tiffcrop</i> attempts to set the
rows/strip that no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a
strip. If you specify special value <b>-1</b> it will
results in infinite number of the rows per strip. The entire
image will be the one strip in that case.</p>
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<td width="0%">
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<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;s</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
in strips (rather than tiles).</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
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<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;t</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
in tiles (rather than strips). options can be used to force
the resultant image to be written as strips or tiles of
data, respectively.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
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<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">

<p><b>&minus;w</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">

<p>Specify the width of a tile (in pixels). <i>tiffcrop</i>
attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8
kilobytes of data appear in a tile. <i>tiffcrop</i> attempts
to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8 kilobytes
of data appear in a tile.</p>
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<p><b>&minus;,={character}</b></p></td>
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<p>substitute {character} for &rsquo;,&rsquo; in parsing
image directory indices in files. This is necessary if
filenames contain commas. Note that &rsquo;,=&rsquo; with
whitespace immediately following will disable the special
meaning of the &rsquo;,&rsquo; entirely. See examples.</p>
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<a name="EXAMPLES"></a>
<h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
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<p>The following concatenates two files and writes the
result using <small>LZW</small> encoding:</p></td>
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<pre>tiffcrop -c lzw a.tif b.tif result.tif
</pre>
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<p>To convert a G3 1d-encoded <small>TIFF</small> to a
single strip of G4-encoded data the following might be
used:</p></td>
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<pre>tiffcrop -c g4 -r 10000 g3.tif g4.tif
</pre>
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<p>(1000 is just a number that is larger than the number of
rows in the source file.)</p>
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<p>To extract a selected set of images from a multi-image
TIFF file use the -N option described above. Thus, to copy
the 1st and 3rd images of image file &quot;album.tif&quot;
to &quot;result.tif&quot;:</p></td>
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<pre>tiffcrop -N 1,3 album.tif result.tif
</pre>
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<p>Given file &quot;CCD.tif&quot; whose first image is a
noise bias followed by images which include that bias,
subtract the noise from all those images following it (while
decompressing) with the command:</p></td>
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<pre>tiffcrop -c none -b CCD.tif CCD.tif -d 2 result.tif
</pre>
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<a name="SEE ALSO"></a>
<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
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<p><b>pal2rgb</b>(1), <b>tiffinfo</b>(1), <b>tiffcmp</b>(1),
<b>tiffcp</b>(1), <b>tiffmedian</b>(1), <b>tiffsplit</b>(1),
<b>libtiff</b>(3TIFF)</p>
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<p>Libtiff library home page:
<b>http://www.simplesystems.org/libtiff/</b></p>
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